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Showing posts with label Philosophy. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Philosophy. Show all posts

Monday, 26 April 2010

Satan, Sin , And Curse in Hindu Perspective

Ye tva devosrikaṁ manyamānāḥ papa
bhadram upajivanti pajrāḥ,
Na dūḍhye whatchumacallit dadāsi vāmaṁ bṛhaspate
cayasa piyārum.

Rgveda I.190.5

O Guru of the Gods, do not give them the wealth of the ignorant, the sinful and cunning, and live solely on the generosity of you, who think like your old bull.
But you support those
devoted his life to you.

Preliminary

Writing on the topic seems very difficult to put together, and specifically said the devil (satan) in Sanskrit is translated piśaca or paiśaca. Words whose meaning is similar to the word, among which are giant. In the English called the devil who arinya devil. The word devil comes from the Greek 'diabolos'. People East and West both believe bahwapiśaca or Satan is the enemy of mankind, as well as enemies of the Gods (Mani, 1989:590). Furthermore, the word sin, in Sanskrit padannya is a sin, Papa, and others whose meaning is similar to the meaning of the word, are the curse words, padannya in Sanskrit is said or śapatha in Rgveda (X.87.15) originally meant a curse , and not the oath as an oath in court proceedings (Macdonell & Keith, II, 1982:353).

Topic of this paper seem to like getting the influence of religions that are classified in the Abrahamic Religions Religion or Semitic, which in Hinduism is very difficult these three words are coupled, because different sources of Hindu theology with the teachings of theology of religions mentioned above.
Nevertheless this paper attempts to set forth the source, the story or the meaning of the term or terms above.

Piśaca, giants, and Asuras

As explained above, in the Sanskrit term or word is not known devil (satan). The word is apparently derived from the Arabic (the devil) or Hebrew (satan), whose meaning is very close or similar to the word paiśaca, giants, and asuras. The word devil (satan) in The Student's Home-Sanskrit (Apte, 1987:408) is paiśaca (masculinum) and paiśacī (femininum), paiśacagraṇī, paiśacanātha.

In the Rigveda (I.133.5) is called with the name being in the Atharvaveda paiśacī (II.18.4; IV.20.6, 9; IV.36.4; IV.37.10; V.29.4.5.14; VI.32.2; VIII.2.12; XII .1.50), meaning the same as in the Rigveda, the name of a group of giants. Inside Taittirī yes Samhita (II.4.1.1, also in Kāṭhaka Samhita XXXVII.14) they are associated with the giants and asuras hostile to the gods, humans, and the ancestors. In the Atharvaveda (V.25.9) kravyād they described as meaning 'eater of raw meat', which probably implies that the etymology of the word paiśaca. It is quite possible, that paiśaca as revealed by Grierson, is the enemy of man, such as indigenous in the West Sea, which until the end of the period known as raw meat eaters (not necessarily called cannibals, eating human flesh but in a series of rituals). Similarly, although not all, seem to paiśaca originally meant 'the devil', which looks like a native tribe, it was shown by the identity dicemohkan. One branch of science called paiśacavidyā popular emerged in the late Vedic age, were found in the book Gopatha Brahmana (I.1.10) (Macdonell & Keith, II, 1982:533).

Inside the Purana scriptures, paiśaca described as follows. Malevolent creature is the embodiment of evil. Any person, anywhere on earth, since the new occurrence of the universe has come to believe that evil spirits. According to the Mahabharata (Ādiparva I) paiśaca a creation of Brahma. In the early days of Brahma created 18 led by Daksha Prajapati, Gandharvas, and Paiśaca. Just as in the Mahabharata, the Puranas scriptures is also a creation of Brahma. Paiśaca is the instigator of all forms of crime and play an important role in the books Purana and Mahabharata. Paiśaca lived in the palace of the god Kubera and worship Him (Sabhāparva XI.49). Gokarṇatī rtha Paiśaca live in and worship the god Siva (Vanaparva LXXXV.25). Paiśaca was the leader of evil spirits. Let ci and Rsi Rsi like he created the evil spirits (Vanaparva CCLXXII.46). Drink the blood and the food is paiśaca are meat (Droṇaparva L.9).

The Bhuta (evil spirits) made their king Ravana (Vanaparva CCLXXV.88). In Bhāratayuddha war, a giant horse that pulled the train is the paiśaca Alambuṣa (Droṇaparva CLXVII.38). Paiśaca Karna and he fought against pro help Ghaṭotkaca (Droṇaparva CLXXV.109). Arjuna defeated paiśaca when the forest fire Khāndava (Karṇaparva XXXVII.37). Paiśaca appeared when the battle Arjuna with Karna (Karṇaparva XXXVII.50). Paiśaca Parameśvara worship Goddess Parvati and was meditating on a mountaintop Muñjavān (Aśvamedhaparva VIII.5). During the war many paiśaca Bhāratayuddha transformed into a king (Aśramavāsikaparva XXXI.6) (Mani, 1989:590).

In the Old Javanese literature written by paiśāca paiśaca said that means not so much with meaning in Vedic and Sanskrit literature, namely a kind of supernatural beings, perhaps so called because of his love of meat (Pisa to piśita) or because the color is yellowish; devil , demons, giants, jinns, which means being malicious or spiteful. Inside Ādiparva (30) stated: San Mṛgi makānak piśāca Gana Bhuta ........; this word can also be found in Bhīṣmaparva 109; Agastyaparva 378, 385; Ramayan 8128; 3.20; 23:29; Sumanasantaka 147.10; Sutasoma 125.11 ( Zoetmulder II, 1995:826).

Based on the above description, then in the Vedic scriptures, Puranas scriptures, Satan can be identified with paiśaca, Bhuta, giant, daitya, and asuras who incite or encourage crime, it can permeate every person and even transformed into a king as a leader a country, and others.

Sin, Papa, and have

Sin, Papa, and got the three pieces that word seems somehow related. Sin and daddy or papa, in English, translated into the word sin, and in Sanskrit is pāpam, pātakam, kalmaṣam, duritam, agham, duṣkṛam, vṛjinam, aṁhas, kilbiṣam, etc. (Apte, 1987:427). Those words in Indonesian, translated with the word sin is synonymous with sin in Sanskrit. Contrary to the words sin and Papa in Sanskrit is a word that has merit in English translation. Other equivalent word in Sanskrit is guṇaḥ, yogyata, pātrata, utkarṣa, puṇyam, dharma, śreṣṭhata, viśeṣaḥ, sukṛtam, śreyas (Apte, 1987:286).

In the Old Javanese literature, the word sin means that: (1) sins, errors, violations; (adj.) guilty. See also the term daṇḍadoṣa, guṇadoṣa, nirdoṣa, paridoṣa, sadoṣa, sthānadoṣa, sodoṣa. Terminology is contained in Virātaparva 1994; Udyogaparva 103; Uttarakaṇḍa 25; 68; Ślokāntara 10.30; Arjuna Vivāha 35.6; Ghaṭotkacāśraya 38.3, 42.3; Bhomakavya and Harsavijaya Song 6:46 (Zoetmulder I, 1995:225).

Said Papa in Old Javanese contain a wider sense, namely: (1) sins, bad habits, evil, guilt, penalty / punishment for sin. This terminology can be found on Ādiparva 47; 81; Udyogaparva 9, Brāhmāṇḍapurāṇa 52; Ramayana; Sutasoma 34.8: nora dada dada caddy nin son atiduṣṭa yayah rin. (2) misfortune, affliction, difficulty, difficulties, unpleasant circumstances, misery. Can be found in Virātaparva 75; manahên papa; Agastyaparva 366; Arjuna Vivāha 9.16: lêhêṅa also ri n pêjah saka dada dada anahên iran opponent lara.Smaradahana 8.24, (3) bad, bad, bad, bad, wretched, miserable, miserable, people evil, criminals, sinners.
See also: atipāpa, Maha papa, mahātipāpa.Virātaparva 31; Bhīṣmaparva 111; Uttarakaṇḍa 44; Sutasoma 35.7; Song Harsavijaya 3.95: dada kawêlas won hyun (Zoetmulder I, 1995:758).

Hinduism is basically a very conservative, and many rules used contained in Vedic scriptures and still effectively followed to routine activities of daily by millions of Hindus. Some of them are teaching Karmamārga (road work). Hindu religion like other religions, traditions, always reminded of the importance of an emphasis on the implementation of ethics and morality that are still preserved, but also always be improved. The idea of punishment and repentance against sin wide position in the life cycle of most people living Hindu.Upacara called saṁskāra shows that, not only attended by the members into the next life stage, but also develop their spiritual strength and to believe their personal needs ( Klostermaier, 1990:146).

Inside Bhasmajabalopanisad (165), which represents the character Śaivaistik Upanishads, explained the reward to those who take the attributes (like) associated with this sekta, among tripuṇḍra, which are three parallel lines smeared on their foreheads as a form of homage to the god Siva made of ash. In the Upanishad is explained about the virtue and chastity penggunanan ash (vibhuti) made from cow dung, and how the ash is used.

"To the Brahmin wearing bhasma (ash) is good and right behavior. Without using these signs, one can not drink or do something. He should use the signs (of ash) was followed by the Gayatri-mantra pronunciation or present offerings at the sacred fire. By using the signs that someone walking on the right path to destroy all sins and attain salvation (Moksha) ... .. He uses the signs from the ashes in the morning right, the concerned will be freed from all sins committed the previous night, including the sin that comes for stealing gold. He is doing (of sin) in the day and meditating on the sun, freed from sin due to an intoxicating drink, steal the gold, kill the Brahmin, killed a cow, kill a horse, killing the teacher, and killed the father and mother. By pleading protection through holy ash three times a day, he received a reward from learning the Vedas, he received glory (good service) because purify themselves in the entire 35 000 rthan starch (temple where the holy water), he achieved perfection in life "(Klostermaier, 1990: 153).

In the book Chāndogya Upanisad (V.10.9-10) stated that: "He who steals gold, who drinks, who does not salute his teacher's bed, he who kills Brahmana, four of them fall into sin (mahāpātaka), and the The fifth is an associate with them. However, people who are not tainted by the crimes, even though iam hanging out with such a person. He became a pure, clean, to reach the world of virtue (puṇyaloka), he who knows this, so he knows it "(Radhakrishan, 1990:434).
Furthermore Manusmṛti (VIII.381) states: "There is no greater crime than killing Brahmins act, because it should not occasionally occur in the liver to make it" (Pudja & Sudharta, 2004:429). In the same book (VIII.350-251) stated:
"Someone should kill a killer, without a doubt that with the intent to kill if he was a teacher, children, old people, or a Brahmin who expert in the Vedas.
By killing an assassin, the murderer did not do wrong (sin), does he do in public or openly in the matter of anger against anger (Pudja & Sudharta, 2004:422). Inside Vaśiṣtha Dharmasūtra
(III.15-18) stated that a man who committed murder against perpetrators sad ātatāyi (ātatāyin) then the killer was not deemed to sin (Kane, II.1, 1974:149).

Inside Bhagavadgītā (XVI.21) mentioned the existence of three gates of hell which is a sin or papa who delivered to the three gates of hell, namely: Kama (Moha), lobha, and krodha. Third bad deeds (pāpakṛt) a papa or sin that should be avoided by everyone, especially those who want to succeed on the path of spiritual (Tri surname).

Book Ślokāntara 75-78 distinguishes four kinds of sin, ie sin banner, sin upapātaka, mahāpātaka sin, and sin, respectively atipātaka called small sins, the sins of the medium, a great sin, and the greatest sin, respectively as follows: (1) sin banner include: bhrunahā, abortionist, puruṣaghna, killing other human beings, such as writers and tycoons, kanyācora, run girl by force, agrayajaka, which precedes mating older brother, (2) Sin upapātaka include: govadha, killing cattle, yuwatī vadha, killing a young woman, bālavadha, killing children, vṛddhavadha, killing parents, āgāravadha, burning houses and their inhabitants. (3) Sin mahāpātaka, including: brāhmavadha, kill the Brahmin, surāpāna, drink alcohol, or who memabukan, suvarṇasteya, stealing gold, kanyāvighna, raping a girl until she was dead, guruvadha, killing teacher. (4) Sin atipātaka, including: svaputrī bhajana, raping his own daughter, matṛbhajana, raping his own mother, and liṅgagrahaṇa, damaging the shrine or place of worship (Sudharta, 2003:252-259).

Similarly Ślokāntara book which is in the form of teaching morality and translations of Sanskrit texts in ancient Javanese language. More about have can be explained as follows. Have said, in English, is the equivalent of merit in Sanskrit, among others: in order, yogyata, utkarṣa, śreṣṭhatā, dharma, sukṛtam, śreyaḥ, and similar to that (Apte, 1987:286).

Inside Manavadharmaśāstra or Manusmṛti (XII.105-106) stated:
"Someone who wants to obtain the purification of the dharma (dharmaśuddhi) should have mastered the various branches of science. Only those who master the 'tarka' (the ability to analyze things) and not mempertentangan Vedic literature (Vedaśāstra) with the teachings of the Vedic scriptures, which is the dharma teachings taught by the RSI, who will master the dharma, not the other. " Further in the book of the same (IV.175-176) also
stated: "Therefore, one should always have fun implementing kebenaraan, obedient to the teachings of the holy (Veda), laudable act, as a noble, sacred heart always ... ... An act that if in the end does not give happiness and strongly condemned in this world (lokavikruṣṭha) was not the Dharma, and should be abandoned. " The same is also disclosed in Yajñavalkya Smriti (VI.156).

Next on the mastery of the sacred teachings of the Vedas, Sri Kṛṣṇa in Bhagavadgītā (XVI.24) states: "Therefore, make holy book into the handle of your life to determine what to do and what not to do. By knowing the sacred teachings (Vedas) is, will you be doing work in this world. " Explanation is in line with the translation of the mantra of the Brahmans Śatapatha (XI.5.7.1) follows.

"Learning and broadcast the sacred teachings Veda.Dia who know this to mind centered. He did not become slaves to lust. His wish will come true, and he lived to enjoy happiness. Indeed he became a healer herself. Himself controlled, full of bhakti, with a wise mind. He reached kemashyuran and do good in this world. " Based on these excerpts, it is clear to us that all the sacred teachings of the Vedas should be used as guidelines virtue (have) in life and this life.


Śapatha (Curse)

As already mentioned in the introduction, or Śapatha Sapa said on oath that a curse and not in litigation, as stated in Rigveda X.87.15. This last notion seems to appear later, as indicated by the Atharvaveda III.9.5, IV.9.5; IV.18.7; IV.19.7, and VII.104.15 Rigveda, which states that Vasiṣṭha cursed and obtained a death when he committed the crime (voodoo people) , and death to its enemies if he did not do that.

About a curse or a person who suffered the curse, so much information can be found in the books Itihāsa (Ramayana and Mahabharata) and in the books of Purana. In the Ramayana there is ki work Vālmī ceritra Ahalya into stone goddess condemned by her own husband Mahārṣi Gautama, because the god Indra who came to the hermitage teased with manyamar as Mahārṣi Gautama himself. Ahalya free from the curse (pariśuddha) after Lord Rama feet touched the stone, and Ahalya back into the sacred (Mani, 1989:17). Similarly ceritra sons condemned by king Sagara Mahārṣi Kapila in the story of the decline of the river Ganga. Sons of king Sagara managed to achieve Moksha Mahārṣi after being washed in the holy Ganga water (Mani, 1989:17). Inside the Purana scriptures very much ceritra about curses, even the gods are also experiencing the same thing.

Vijayalakṣmī turned into Laṅkalakṣmī, because the curse of Brahma. Vijayalakṣmī is one of the guardians of wealth Lakshmi Brahma. One day, one out of the negligent conduct tugasnya.Dewa Brahma was very angry and cursed him, "You go to where Ravana and guard tower!". He humbly begged for pardon curse. Brahma said: "At the time of the incarnation of Lord Rama, a hero named Hanuman monkey will go to Lanka in search of Lord Rama's wife, who had been abducted by Ravana, and he'll hit you. At that time you will be freed from the curse and you'll be right back here! "According to him, Vijayalakṣmī born with the name Laṅkalakṣmī Lanka.

When Hanuman flies to Lanka, he stopped, and when it hit Hanuman fell to earth (his campaign Ramayana, Sundara Kanda) (Titib, 2004:184) A day devoted to Sang Hyang Brahma, Siva and begged his willingness to become his own son. Sang Hyang Siva was not pleased with the request. Siva was angry and cursed, "I will be your child. But I'll cut your face to-5 '. Since then Brahma has only four faces (Caturmukha) (Titib, 2004:199). So pretty much śapatha which can be found in the books of Purana.

Śapathaatau curse can be found not only in literature. In the inscriptions published by the good king in India, in the archipelago, including in Bali found information about the curse.
Even in the lontar Chronicle (ceritra-ceritra ancestors) in Bali found also that and are generally referred to with the same Bhi which also included a śapatha.Śapatha can be terminated with various ceremonies (rituals, such as prayaścitta, nilapati or daṇḍakalêpasan) and hermitage ( also include various forms of fasting) is done with diligence.

Thursday, 26 November 2009

Tri Hita Karana in Hindu Religion

1. Historical background.
Tri Hita Karana term first appeared on 11 November 1966, at the Regional Conference held l Struggle Agency Balinese Hindus held at University Dwijendra Denpasar. The conference was held based on awareness will dharmanya Hindus to participate in nation-building toward the community prosperous, just and prosperous society based on Pancasila. Then the term "Tri Hita Karana is growing, expanding, and the community.

2. Understanding.
Lexically Tri Hita Karana is the three causes of welfare. (Tri = three, Hita = prosperous, Karana = cause). In the Tri Hita Karana essentially implies three causes of welfare based on the harmonious relationship between:
1. Man with his Lord.
2. Humans with natural surroundings.
3. Human beings with one another.

3. The elements of Tri Hita Karana.
1. The elements of Tri Hita Karana include:
1. Trance Jagatkarana.
2. Bhuana.
3. Humans
2. The elements of Tri Hita Karana, there is the holy book Gita Bagawad (III.10), reads as follows:

Bagawad Gita (III.10)

Meaning:
Sahayajnah prajah sristwa temple waca prajapatih anena prasawisya dhiwan esa wo'stiwistah kamadhuk In ancient times Prajapati created man with yadnya and said: with this you will develop and will be kamadhuk of your wish.

In the Bhagavad-Gita verse there are three elements that appear beryadnya each other to get are:
Prajapati = God Almighty
Praja = Man

4. Application of Tri Hita Karana.
1. Application of Tri Hita Karana Hindu life as follows
1. The relationship between man and his Lord manifested by god yadnya.
2. Human relationship with nature that is realized with the environment yadnya Bhuta.
3. The relationship between man and his neighbor realized by Pitra, Resi, Human Yadnya.

2. Application of Tri Hita Karana in the lives of Hindus in Bali can be found in the realization of:

1 Parhyangan
Parahyangan for at the regional level of heaven Jagat
At the village level customary form of heaven or heaven Three village
At the family level of pemerajan
or disagreed
2 weakening
Attenuation at the regional level include the province of Bali
At the village level include the customary "asengken" bale agung
At the family level include the compound housing
3 Pawongan
Pawongan for at the regional level include Hindus in Bali
For the traditional village includes traditional village manners
The family level include the entire family


5. Cultural Values.
By applying the Tri Hita Karana is steady, dynamic, creative and harmonious life will realization of full human development includes the dedication of Trance Astiti Widhi Wasa / God Almighty, love for environmental conservation and harmony and peace with one another.

source : www.babadbali.com

Wednesday, 25 November 2009

THE CREATION OF AND HUMAN

The universe was created in a long evolutionary process. At first this nature is empty, there is only God, often called the era "bump tan hana-paran paran anrawang anruwung" means when it had nothing and everything uncertain.

With his omnipotence, and Trance Widhi Wasa, creating two forces called Purusa the life force (spiritual) and Prakerti (pradana) of material strength. Of these two forces then arises "ideal" state of mind which is already affected by the Tri Guna Satwam, Rajah and hospitality. Satwam are the properties of dharma (righteousness), Rajah is the dynamic nature of kenafsuan, while hospitality is, adharma properties, ignorance and apathy. Then comes the instinctive recognition Budi, after it emerged that the Manah reason and feeling, then comes the sense of self Ahangkara. This arose after the ten senses Dasa senses source (the motion desires) that are divided into groups of Panca Budi Indria five motion actions.

Five motion desire or Panca Budi Indria it is:
1 Caksu senses visual stimuli
2 Ghrana excitatory olfactory senses
3 senses Srota auditory stimuli
4 Jihwa senses of taste stimuli
5 Twak senses taste touch stimuli or palpation

Five motion acts or Panca Karma Indria consists of:
Wak senses
1 activator mouth
2 Pani senses hand drive
3 At the foot activator senses
4 payu senses activator release
5 senses Upastha sex drive

After this senses-senses did arise the five types of natural seeds called Panca Tanmatra namely:
Word Tanmatra seeds 1 vote
Tanmatra Sparsa 2 seeds taste touch
Week 3 seed Tanmatra vision
Flavor 4 seeds taste Tanmatra
Tanmatra Gandha 5 seeds smell (olfactory)

Panca Tanmatra of which are the seeds of natural objects born elements that material things are real called Panca Maha Bhuta. The elements of Panca Maha Bhuta is

* Akasa (ether)
* Bayu (wind)
* Teja (light)
* Apah (liquid) and ...
* Pretiwi (solids.)

Of the five elements of this natural substance is formed paramanu five atoms underwent solid fusion process to realize a more natural objects called you Brahma (Brahmanda) of the planets and stars as part of the contents of the universe.

Brahmanda means egg-shaped sphere of creation of Brahman. Everything is composed of seven so-called Sapta Loka Loka namely:

* Bhur Loka
* Bhuwah Loka
* Swah Loka
* Tapa Loka
* Jana Loka
* Maha Loka and ...
* Satya Loka.

In each there is a difference Loka element content of each Panca Maha Bhuta.

Process of Creation of Man and Other Creatures.

After the universe was created Widhi Trance Wasa then create it. In the process of natural creation was formed more harshly, such as Gods creation, Gandarwa. Paisacha. and then the other entities, such as coarse animal and human. The process of human creation is the essence of the Panca Maha Bhuta and Sad Taste of substance with six types of taste, sweet, bitter, salty, sour, spicy, sepat. These elements integrated with other elements of Cita. Blake. Ahangkara. Dasendria. Tanmatra and Panca Panca Maha Bhuta. The combination of all these elements produce two elements of life Sukla seed (seed of men) and Swanita (female seeds). The meeting between the two seed is the same life with a meeting with Pradana Purusa. It is created by humans. So in people of all natural elements that exist.

The first human creation Widhi Trance in the Hindu religion is called Syayambhumanu. Syayambhumanu means of thinking that makes the creature himself, was the first man. Manu means to think. Manu arising from the human word, which means descendant of Manu. Later after the first humans created the power Widhi Trance Wasa, the man himself is growing.

Bhagavad-Gita III verse 10.

Sahyajnah prajah srishtwa
Puro Wacha meek servant
anena prasawishya dhwam

Meaning:
esha wo'stu ishta Prajapati kama'dhuk ancient times human beings create
with bhakti dedication and said
with this you will multiply
and let the world be your cow.

source: www.babadbali.com

Tuesday, 27 October 2009

Scripture and Maha Rishi

Scripture

Hindu scriptures called the Vedas. The word Veda is derived from the Sanskrit root word "Wid" evolved into the Vedic or WIDYA which means knowledge. As the Vedic scriptures implies the set of pure science that comes from Wasa, Sang Hyang Widhi received or heard by the Supreme sage in a state of samadhi. Therefore also called Sruti which means holy word is heard (revelation). So the Veda is the set of revelations of God.

Vedas Sruti:

Veda Veda Sruti is revelation in the form of the set (Sruti), called also Veda Samhita consists of:

No. Compiled by Group Name
1 Rig Veda Maha Rishi Veda Pulaha Chess
2 Yajur Veda, Rishi Maha Waisampayana
Sama Veda 3 Maha Rishi Jaimini.
4 Atharwa Maha Rishi Veda Sumantu.

5 Bhagavad-Gita Maha Rishi Vyasa. Pancamo Vedas.


Smriti Vedas:

Smriti Vedas are Sruti interpretation of the Vedas, compiled with the intention of learning easier, consisting of two groups:

No. Book It Group
1 Punishment science of phonetics Vedanga
2 Wyakarana grammar
3 Chanda knowledge of the song
4 Nirukta knowledge of synonyms and acronyms
5 Jyotisa astronomy
6 Kalpa of ritual

1-story Itihasa epic story (epic) consists of the Mahabharata and Ramayana Upaweda
Purana 2-story set of stories (like history) about certain events and about the tradition.
3 Arthasastra knowledge of the government.
4 Ayurveda medicine.
5 Gandarwa Vedic science of art
6 Sarasamuçcaya and Slokantara about ethics and deontology.

Receipt / Maha Rishi

Rishi is a person who for his efforts to samadhi yoga initiation, has a purity, chosen by God, can connect with God, so with his power to see things past, present, and future, and can receive revelation (Sruti ). Receipt term was not synonymous with the Reverend, but sometimes means the same, as there is in some areas. To distinguish the notion sage as sage as Pastor and Prophet, the Maha Rishi dipakailah term to express sage as a prophet.

Swayambhu Bharadwaja Wrhaspati Krtyaya Sandhyaya
Gotama Wasistha Tridhatu Agastya Wajrasrawa
Grtsamada Dharma Kanwa Trinawindhu Aryadatta
USANA Narayana Somayana Vishvamitra Parashara
Prajapati Warmadewa Vyasa Tryaguna Rutsa
Dhananjaya Hiranyagarbha Atri Sakri


Avatara

Iconography is the embodiment of Sang Hyang Widhi down to earth to rescue work, especially when the dharma under challenge and moments of rampant adharma started. The difference with the Maha Rishi is that avatars are the embodiment of Hyang Widhi down to earth, while Maha Rishi is the man chosen because it can increase his soul to perfection so as to receive revelation. In the Vishnu Purana known ten manifestations Sang Hyang Widhi Wasa in saving the world is:

Avatars

Hyang Widhi Wasa (God) is down to earth form:
1 Matsya Avatara vast Fish
Kurma Avatara 2
Turtle (turtle) giant Rhino
3 Varaha Avatara Great Avatars
4 Narasingha human-headed lion, killing the King Hirania Kasipu as Adharma figures at that time.
Vamana Avatara 5 Little Person who killed King Bali as Adharma figures.
Avatars 6 Pandita Rama Parasu always carry an ax, gave awareness to the knights to control the Dharma or the leadership as well as possible.
7 Rama Avatara King Dasaratha's son, in order to defend against dharma adharma led by Ravana who terbasmi troops.
8 Krisna Avatara as King's son with the goddess Devaki Wasudewa destroy King Kangsa and Jarasandha adharma groups at that time.
9 Buddhist Iconography as King's son with the goddess Maya Sudodana duty of mankind to realize, to be free from suffering through the middle of the eight discs (life cycle).
10 Kalki Avatara. white horsemen with drawn swords, and will eradicate adharma creature. Iconography is a to-10,
According to our belief that he would come later when adharma was really rampant.

source: www.babadbali.com

Greetings and Hindu Religious Symbol

Hinduism Greetings

To foster a harmonious relationship and strengthen the sense of brotherhood in the community association, Hinduism teaches brotherly greetings (panganjali) with the word "OM SWASTYASTU". This greeting can also be used in the start and end an activity. In the end something special activities can also use the "OM SANTI, SANTI, SANTI, OM," which means hopefully peaceful.

At the time greeting, hands in front of the chest included with your fingertips pointing up, but if things are not possible, this attitude can not be done. Who received greetings should give an answer with the word "OM SWASTYASTU" with the same attitude.

"OM" means the Lord, "SU" means well, "ASTI" means no and "Astu" means, hopefully, so the overall mean GOOD WELCOME TO THE GRACE OF GOD ALMIGHTY. In this way, the operations have been conducted each pray a prayer with each other.


Hinduism Symbol


Emblem or symbol of religious belief is a means of binding his people to be more closer to the hearts and feelings ideals of religious life, also called Niyasa or Murti Puja. Agama Hindu Swastika as a symbol to use.

The original form of the Swastika is a symbol of two vertical and horizontal lines crossed each side, perpendicular in the middle (+).


As a cultural art creations that are always growing, Swastika is also experiencing growth so that later became so shaped.



Swastika describes the rotation harmony of the universe with all the romance, the dynamics and dialectics. It basically shows where kemahabesaran Sang Hyang Widhi Wasa as Creator. The word Swastika means safety or welfare. Vertical line shows the harmony of human relationships with his creator is Sang Hyang Widhi Wasa, while the horizontal line shows the harmony of human relationships with others, including the human relationship with nature.

If the human relationship with the creator and the human relationship with the environment harmoniously interwoven with, the people will get the safety and welfare. Safety and welfare is the essence of religious purpose. The fourth line in the ends of the vertical and horizontal lines indicate the direction of rotation of Swastika, which is turning to the right. So Swastika also describes the motion, the motion of the universe that rotates to the right. Essentially all natural contents as well as having the wind velocity, water, etc., to create harmony in nature.

source: www.babadbali.com

MAIN TEACHING OF HINDU DHARMA

Religion

The word "religion" that is used by Hindus in life berketuhanan Almighty comes from the Sanskrit root word "image" which means "go" or "travel". Uric word "gam" is a prefix "a" which means "no" and added "a" in the back, which means "something" or to function as a suffix in Sanskrit in order to change the verbs into adjectives. Thus the word religion means "something that does not go", no change or permanent, lasting (eternal). That never changes or it is eternal God and his teachings. As a term and then the word religion has a sense of the rules or the teachings that come from Almighty God (Sang Hyang Widhi Wasa) is derived in the form of revelation (Sruti) through the Prophet (Maha Rishi) to organize the universe and its contents both in spiritual life and physical life.

Dharma

The word "Dharma" is derived from the Sanskrit root word "dhr" (read: dri) which means carrying, holding, maintaining, managing, or guiding. The root of the word "dhr" This later evolved into the word dharma which means laws that govern and maintain the universe and everything in it. In connection with the circulation of the universe, the word dharma can also mean nature. Whereas in human life, dharma can mean teaching, obligations or sacred rules that maintain and lead men to achieve the perfection of life and behavior of noble character.

Smriti Library Parwa 109.11 Santi: That means:
Dharanad dharma dharma ityahur word is said to come from the word Dharana (which means holding, hold, or set).
Dharmena dharma widrtah prajah With all beings governed

Hinduism as a religion

Hindu term used now as the name of religion is generally not known in classical times. Hundreds of years before the year AD, adherents of Vedic scriptural teachings flourish and thrive in society, so the experts mentioned the name of religion of the Vedas or Vedic Age.

Then the Hindus used the name by taking the name of the place where the religion began to grow, ie around Sind or Indus river. Sindu said this was later changed to the Hindu word for the law affected by metathesis in Sanskrit in which the use of the letter "s" and "h" can be interchangeable, for example, the word "Soma" can be said Homa, the word "Satima" can be Hatima , and so on.

Sindu said the Hindu or Sanskrit is considered Masculine noun, which means the water points, river, sea, or ocean. Water symbolizes water Amrita defined eternal life, used in religious ceremonies in the form of Hindu Tirtha (holy water).

The term religion with a sense of the term dharma is difficult to distinguish, then in relation to the name of Hinduism is often called the Hindu Dharma, even more common in India this name is used.

Hindu Destination

In the Vedic scriptures explained the purpose of religion as stated in the verse "YES MOKSARTHAM CA JAGADHITA ITI DHARMAH" which means that the goal of religion or dharma is to achieve and moksa jagadhita. Moksha also called Mukti means achieving freedom or also known jiwatman achieve lasting spiritual happiness in the hereafter. Jagadhita also called bhukti prosperity and happiness of every person, society, or country.

So roughly the Hindu goal is to deliver his people in achieving prosperity in this world and achieve the happiness moksa in the Hereafter.

source: www.babadbali.com

Belief in the Teachings Lontar in Bali

a. Lord Shiva source of all.
In ejection Bhuwanakosa said that all that exists comes from the Lord Shiva and will return to Him, too. Thus Lord Shiva is the source of all that exists, as well as the Brahman in the Upanishads.

(Bhuwanakosa III, 82).
Yatottamam iti sarvve, vva tatva liyate universe, yatha sambhavate sarvvam, liyate bhavati tatra. Kabeh Sakwehning universe, mijil sangkeng If Lord Shiva, Lord Shiva lina ya ring.

All the world emerged from Lord Shiva, gone back to Lord Shiva, too.
Everything that comes from Lord Shiva's virtual nature, it is not true and is a world phenomenon, the world seemed to gajala temporarily. Seems like a shadow on the mirror, which seemed to be there but did not actually exist, and that there really were behind the shadows. As for the secret behind this world, which is lasting, Lord Shiva is the joint

Bhuwanakosa further stated as follows:

(Bhuwanakosa III, 81).
Rupam craving Mayamatram universe sthavara jangamarn, sarve sive Sivatma tatva bhavate wa liyate
kabeh lkang universe, sthavara janggama-waknya, virtual swabhawanya, Lord Shiva sahanannya way, ikang rat kabeh, i sira wekasan lina mare.

. All of this world, plants, animals his form, a virtual character, the form of Lord Shiva is everything, all the world is at last gone to his

(Bhuwanakosa III, 71).
Tatvani sanharet bhuyah liyante tatvake extinct, salilan eka sarvve tat, vuvudhah yatha drstopi, Mangkana pwa Lord Shiva, irikang Tattwa kabeh, ri ri wekasan sira muwah lina, nihan drstopamanya, kadyang-ganing wereh single makweh wijilnya So yes sakeng wway Lord Shiva, the all Tattwa, eventually back into itself. eg foam much like the appearance (but real) single from the water. And the description quoted above all there was this experience emerged, making it and cancel. In this context that Lord Shiva is considered as the Creator, Preserver and Pemralina all there.

Bhuwanakosa III, 78).
Srjayate Brahma lokam visnave Palaka sthitam, rudretvesangharas Ceva, eva ca trimurtih name. Lwir Lord Shiva magawe universe, Brahma form of interpretation panrsti universe, Vishnu way pangraksa interpretation ng universe, Rudra rupanira mralayaken rat, arrest three tawak Niran. Bheda names like Lord Shiva created the world.

Brahma created the world his form this time.
Vishnu time keeping his form this world.
His Rudra form of this world mempralina time
Thus the three forms of His (Trinity) just different names.


b. Lord Shiva is immanent and trancendent.
Belief in the teachings contained in Tattwa lontar above, azasnya based on Vedas and Upanishads, as explained above. If the Vedas God called Tat and called Brahman in the Upanishads in lontar that God called Lord Shiva
Lord Shiva is immanent and trancendent. Immanent means that he was present everywhere, whereas trancendent means that he overcome the mind and the human indriya. This clearly noodles with the following verse:

(Bhuwanakosa II, 16).
Sivas sarvagata suksmah, bhutanam antariksavat, acintya mahagrhayante, naindriyam parigrhyante. Lord Shiva wyapaka sira, sira suksma kneng tan angen-angen, sira kadyangganing akasa, tan kagrhita manah mwang indriya dening. Lord Shiva pervades everything, he could not think of magic, such as angkasalah He, beyond the reach of mind and indriya


Based on the above quotation sounds clearly said that Lord Siva pervades everything, that he was present at all, present everywhere (immanent), is also present in the human mind and indriya. But also beyond the reach of mind and indriya itself. This means that he has overcome the mind and indriya itself (trancendent).
Lord Shiva is also impersonal (personal) and impersonal (impersonal). In the personal aspect, he is the father (legitimate tape), Mom (legitimate Matah), Brother (legal partner), Family (valid vanduh), Teacher (legal Thunder) and so on. Whereas in the impersonal aspect, he is not unthinkable (acintya), has no beginning. middle and end (anadi madhyantan). infinite (amita). no-body (agatram) and so on


c. Lord Shiva is the One God, is everywhere with the names of different

As well as the teachings of the Vedas and Upanishads clearly state the Lord is One, so also is expressed in Tattwa lontar in Bali. Consider the quote below:

(Jnanasiddhanta: 122)
Sa eko Bhagawan Sarvah
Siva-karana-karanam
Aneka viditah Sarvah
Caturvidhasya karanam.

Kalanganya:
Ekatvanekalva swalaksana Lord. Ekatwa ngaranya. kahidep then laksanang Siwatwa. Single Ndan. tan rwa-three kehidepannia. Shiva-karana Mangekalaksana also, paprabheda tan. Aneka ngaranya kahidepan like caturdha the Lord. Caturdha ngaranya, like sthula-suksma Niran-parasunya


He, Shiva is the Holy One, the cause of Shiva as the First Cause; Shiva is also viewed as more than one, because his work is four. The characteristics of Shiva is the One. Esa means that of reason to be perceived as something that is characteristic of the true nature of Shiva (Shiva-tat-TWA). And he is seen as the One God (Eka), not two or three. The only feature is the cause of Shiva (Shiva-karana) alone, without a difference. Various means that he is seen as characterized by four. Characterized by four means: sthula, suksma, the and sunya. Lord Shiva is the One in terms of a Hyangnya things have names that differ, among other things:

(Bhuwanakosa, III. 9)
Prthivya sarvva ekayam.
salile bhava samsmrtah,
Agno Pasupati jneyam,
bayva isanam eva ca.

Nihan wibhaga Lord rikang tatva munggwing kabeh, sarwajna ngaranira, which umandel ing prthiwi, Bhawa ing ngaranira Toya umandel yan, yan umandel Pasupati ing ngaranira Trance Agni, ngaranira yan Isana bayu umandel ing.

Here are details on all the Lord Tattwa, Sarwajna name when positioned on the ground. Bhawa name when in the water, Pasupati name when positioned on the fire, when Isana name is on the wind

(Bhuwanakosa, III, 10).
Akase Bhagavan bhimah,
mahadevopi manasi,
ugroyah ca matrasthe tan,
tejase Rudra ucyate.

Bhima ngaranira yan heneng akasa, dening kinahanan asta ta sira order, Mahadeva ngaranira manah haneng yan, tan pawak, Ugra ngaranira yan tan haneng five dimensions, Rudra haneng sratumarga ngaranira yan, makuwak ahangkara


Bhima name when positioned in space, filled with He by asta-order, Mahadeva name when positioned in the mind, Ugra name when positioned on the five dimensions tan, Rudra name when positioned on the light bodied ahangkara.
Thus the names of Lord Shiva's singles while he was in college bhuta panca, five tan dimensions, manah and ahangkara.

While the names of Lord Shiva when positioned at the corners of this world are as follows:
1. Trance Iswara in the East
2. Trance Maheswara in Southeast
3. Trance Brahma in the South
4. Trance Rudra in Southwest
5. Trance Mahadeva in the West
6. Trance Sangkara in the West Sea
7. Trance Vishnu in the North
8. Trance Sambhu in the Northeast
9. Trance Shiva in the Middle

The ninth embodiment of Lord Shiva is called Dewata Nawasanga. Iswara Trance, Trance Brahma, Mahadeva Trance, Trance and Trance Dance Shiva Vishnu called Panca Dewata. In this Nawasanga Gods Lord Shiva in the Middle as the core. center all the gods. all the existing center.

In addition to these names there are also the names of Lord Shiva in the aspect as Panca Brahma. namely:
1. Sadyajata in the East, or the wijaksara Sa
2. Bamadewa in the South with Ba or wijaksara Bang
3. Tatpurusa in the West with Ta or wijaksara Tang
4. Aghora in the North with A or Ang wijaksara
5. Middle the Isana in wijaksara I or Ing.

Wijaksara-wijaksara Sa, Ba, Ta, A, I or the, Bang. Tang, Ang, Ing called Panca Brahmaksara, Wijaksara is very often used in the puja-puja in Bali.
Thus, among others the names of Lord Shiva is of course still many other name.

Thursday, 22 October 2009

The Lontars

Type of Lontar

The main points of doctrine contained in the Lordship of the sacred Vedic literature and Upanishads as described above was written back into the lontar in Bali with a Balinese script. -Archipelago Sanskrit, Old Javanese and Balinese.

Lontar stored and maintained in Bali in a considerable number, scattered in various places. These places such as in: Gedong Kirtya Singaraja. Library Universitas Udayana Denpasar, Hindu Dharma University Library Denpasar, Denpasar Dwijendra University Library, Office of Cultural Documentation Center Bali Bali Province and others. In addition, not a bit too lontar were stored in individual homes that are inherited from generation to generation, as a private library.

Its contents include a variety of things related to Hindu Religion and Culture in Bali. Prior to the source lontar Lordship teaching philosophy itself is also worthy of note some of the lontar, including the following:

1 Lontar-ejection of the puja.
Palm grip contains the Sulinggih puja at the time of worship and "muput" religious ceremony. This lontar use Sanskrit islands. Some of them are:

* Wedapankrama
* Suryasewana
* Arghapatra
* Puja ksatrya
* Puja-mamukur
* Kajang-Pitra-puja

2 Lontar-ejection of Yajna.
Lontar many true type. Generally contains general instructions for yajna ceremony, either on the types or sesajennya banten, equipment and so on. Here is an example of a palm in question:

* Gods-tatwa
* Sundarigama
* Wrhaspatikalpa
* Yamapurwana tatwa
* Kramaning madiksa
* Dharma-Koripan
* Janam-prakerti
* Anggastiaprana
* Sri Purana
* Tatwa-Siwa-Purana.

Palmyra Wariga
Other lontar closely associated with the ejection of this Yajna is lontar Wariga, such as:

* Wariga Gemet
* Wariga Krimping
* Wariga
* Wariga Parerasian
* Wariga Palalawangan
* Purwaka Wariga.

Ethics lontar
It is a doctrine of ethics, virtue and guidance to become a "Sadhu" is wise and prudent, virtuous, and noble-hearted impersonal sacred. Which include palm species, among others:

* Sarasamusccaya
* Slokantara
* Agastiaparwa
* Siwasasana
* Wratisasana
* Silakrama
* Pancasiksa

Tattwa lontar

Lontar this type containing the teachings of the Godhead, in addition also includes the doctrine of the universe penjadian, teaching Yoga, ajaraa of "redemption" and so on. Most of the palm - this is Siwaistis ejection. Some of them are:

* Bhuwana vocabulary
* Ganapatitatwa
* Jnanasiddhanta
* Bhuwana sangksepa
* Trance Mahajnana
* Tatwajnana
* Wrhaspati-Tattwa

source: www.babadbali.com

The Upanishads

The number of Upanishads

After the Vedic scriptures are Brahmins and books Upanishads as sacred scriptures of Hinduism. The books Brahmana and Upanishad books are part of the Vedic scriptures. Each Veda has a Brahmin scriptures and Upanishads its own.
One of the famous book of Brahmin Brahmin Satapatha is part of the book in Yajur Veda. The book is expected of people started there were about 1000 years before Christ and is a guide book for the ceremony. Basically, this book describes the ritual system every detail and thus more related to the implementation of the outer forms of religious life than the spiritual life.

Upanishad scriptures predicted appear after Brahmana books that is about 800 years before Christ. The amount is very much, more than 200 titles, but Muktika Upanishad explains the number 108 fruit and many of them come from the era that is not too old. Upanishad Upanishad-old and important is:

* Isa Upanishad
* Kena Upanishad
* Katha Upanishad
* Prasna Upanishad
* Mundaka Upanishad
* Mandukya Upanishad
* Taittiriya Upanishad
* Aitareya Upanishad
* Chandogya Upanishad
* Brihadaranyaka Upanishad
* Kausitaki Upanishad
* Maitrayaniya Upanishad and ....
* Shvetashvatara Upanishad.

The word Upanishad means sitting down near the teacher. The word is closely connected with the group sakhas who study the Vedas. In it sat a few sakhas selected students (selected on the basis of loyalty and honesty to the teacher) under around a teacher. What-what is taught by the teacher then collected into books Upanishad. Because many sakhas Itupun the Upanishads there are many in number.

Belief in the teachings of Upanishad

Seed Upanishad teachings are the teachings of the Vedas Nasadiya Sukta In one part of the famous Vedas say that there is only God and beyond him was not anything else.

Excerpt:
Rsi Paramesti: Bhavasrattam gods; Tristubh matrix X. I I. 129.
Mantram translations:
a. No sad salty Nasad ASIT tadanim nisid rajo
vyama no part yat, kim avarivah kuha kasya
kim Sarman gahanam gabhiram acid. At that time no one was not there or there. At that time there was no world, no sky and there was no one above it. What is covered and where? Airkah there, the unexpected water inside?

b. Amrtam acid mrtyur na na alma ratrya ASIT
praketah. anid avatam svadhaya tad ekam
severe tasmad dhanyan kim na canasa. At that time there was no death, there was also no life. There is no sign indicating the afternoon. and night. The One bernfas without breath by its own strength. Outside there He was not anything.

c. Tama ASIT tamasa gulham Agree praketam
idam salilam sarvam a tuchyenabhv apihitam
yad tapasas ASIT mahina jayataikam tan. In the first first covered by the dark shadows. All of that is this is infinity that can not be distinguished. That no time was just emptiness and that no form. With a thermal power remarkable unity born empty.

d. Kamas tad sam avartatadhi manaso Agree
ASIT retah yad prathaman, sato bandhum
Avin and asati non hrdi pratisya kavayo Manisa. In awalmulanya, after that, which is the desire timbulah seed spirit. The Rsi after meditating in his heart with wisdom found the relationship between what is and what is not there.

e. Tirascino vitato rasmir mohamad adhah
upari svid acid svid ASIT, rethoda
mahimana Asan Asan svadha avastat
prayatih parastat. Light stretched out, if he crossed, whether he's under or above. Some become pencurah seed, others very good. Food is a low seed, seed-eating is superior.

f. Ko veda ka iha addha pre vocat kuta
ajata kuta iyam visrstih, arvag deva
asya visarjanenatha ko veda ababhuva Yata. Who really knows?
Who in this world can explain it?
And does this penjadian, and where the emergence of?
The gods exist after this penjadian.
Then who knows, and where he appears?

g. Iyam visrstir yadi ababhuva Yata vadadhe
yadi va na, yo asyadhyaksah parameters vyoman
Anga so veda yadi va na veda. He, who from this penjadian him that formed it arises or may not. He is watching this nature in the highest heavens, he actually knows or perhaps do not know.


Tad ekam the same as the One Brahman or Atman in the Upanishads. It's basic teachings of the Upanishads is Brahman and Atman. Brahman is the first principle insofar as it is contained in the universe, and the atman as far as he is known as a person in human beings. In this connection, we can take part Chandogya Upanishad III. 1 is a basic single view cover this, namely:

Mantram translations:
idam brahma sarvarn khalu this all really is Brahman.


and the III. 14. The same Upanishad 3:
Mantram
Translation:
ma esa atma Brahman is hrdaye between atman within us.



Another example is provided by the story in Brihadaranyaka Gargya unsuccessful Upanishad gives limits of Brahman and he finally got an explanation of the atman to explain the Brahman of a king.

If for this purpose we hold fast to the principle of Brahman as the difference of the universe with the atman as a spiritual principle, the basic idea of all the teachings of Upanishad philosophy can we express a simple equation.:

Brahman = Atman

Brahman, which displays the power to us din membenda on all things that happened, that create, support, maintain and receive back the entire universe into himself, and the sacred power of eternal infinite atman is the same as that when we leave by releasing all forms of skin outside, we'll get in the din of our own as the most essential nature, our personal, our souls. Equality of Brahman and atman will this rokh between God and individuals, is the fundamental view on all the Upanishad teachings. This has given a great speech:
Mantram translations:
tat tvam asi is that you


in Chandogva Upanishad VI. 8. 7
Mantram translations:


aham brahma asmi
I am a Brahman


in Brihadaranyaka Upanishad 1. 4. 10:
Mantram translations:
sikyam atma brahma Brahma and Atman unity is the basic teaching of Vedanta.

The Vedas

When did the Vedas Start There?

Vedas are the sacred books of Hinduism are the oldest. When the book begins there is not known with certainty. Opinions of various scholars about this. Some say this book began there in 1200 BC, some say 2400 BC. There is also the other opinion.

The ancient Hindus seldom left the notes historical value. Accepted Vedic people through word of mouth from generation to generation from the past that are not known. Writing of the Vedas with Devanagari letter is from a much later period. People believe that the scriptures are taught by God to the Rsi. So he was not made by man. From the teachings of the Vedic Hindu religion is flowing. The soul is the soul of the Hindu Vedic teachings. Although many changes have occurred, the Vedic teachings soul never stops transmitting it's light.

4 Vedas Samhita

There are four Vedic scriptures are:

* Rg Veda
* Sama Veda
* Yajur Veda and ...
* Atharva Veda.

All four were called Chess Samhita, the four sets of Vedas. All four of these Vedalah Rg which contains the oldest singing idol. Vedas do not have the same value in itself, because most of the singing-singing taken from the Rg Veda is sung with melodies that have been set. Yayur Veda mantram also contains Rg-Veda mantram which combined with prose-prose that is not derived from the Rg Veda. If mantram-Rg Veda mantram usually grouped in agreement with the gods worshiped, then the mantram-Sama Veda mantram grouped according to place and their use in offerings Yajur Veda Soma and its use in accordance with various ceremonies. Atharwa Veda has a somewhat different nature from the above three Vedas. Atharva Veda mantram-mantram contain magic that comes from an unknown period.

Belief in the teachings of the Vedas

Veda Mantram-mantram is idol songs addressed to the gods. The gods sought to be willing to listen to the songs devotees generally contain a request to the gods in paddling menganugrahkan kerahayuan live in this world. The songs were composed in Sanskrit, the language of ancient India.

The gods were worshiped many. Which is often praised, among others are: Agni (god of fire), Surya (sun god), Usas (god of the dawn), Prthivi (god of earth), Dyaus (god of the sky), Partner (god of daylight and bright sky), Varuna (the god of the dark sky and dusk), Maruts (the storm god) Vayu (wind god), Savitr (god of the sun in the morning) and the others again.

Of the names that the gods were the personification of the forces behind the invisible forces of nature. The forces of nature and what is it subject to the RTA, which orderliness of the universe. Because what is in harmony with one another, the RTA's control should be one. Thus Varuna is rtavan, control of the RTA is the One.

Will the doctrine that God One of the scattered in-mantram Vedic mantram. Some of them are as follows:

Visva Sumeta Divo ojasa patim
ya eka atihir jananam en bur,
purvyo nutanamo sa aji gisan
tam anu vartanir en eka vavrta

(Same Veda, 327)

Means;
Let's come together, you all, with a strong spirit of the Lord of Heaven.
He is only One God, guests of all people.
He who wants to back a new ancient. In whom all roads perpaling, Verily He is the One alone.

Nah yo yo janita ribbon nidhata,
bhuvanani Visva dhanani veda,
yo devanam namadha eka eva,
tam samprasnam bhuvana yantyanya

(Rg Veda X. 83. 3).

Meaning:
Oh, our Father, our Creator, our manager knows all the circumstances, all of what happened,
He is the One alone bear the name of various gods.
To whom others looked for a wonder.

Indram mitram varunam
agnim ahur atho divyah
Ekam sad vipra bahudha vadantyagnim yarnam eye risvanam ahuh

(Rg Veda 1.164.46).
Meaning:
They call Indra, Mitra, Varuna, Agni, and he is bright, the beautiful winged Garutman, One Truth (God) the wise call by many names such as Agni, Yama, Matarisavan.

Evagnis Tad tad adityas
u vayus tad tad candramah,
Sukra tad tad eva brahma
apan ta sa prajapatih

(Yajur Veda 32.1).
Meaning:
Agni is That, Aditya is That,
Vayu is That, Candrama is That,
Light is That, Brahman is That,
Apah is That, Prajapatilah He.


The One God is revered people in different ways, in different places and in various aspects and manifestations. The gods are aspects of One God.